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And Everyone is Always Moving

And Everyone Is Always Moving

And everyone is always moving,
rushing from one half-hearted conversation to the next,
from an inkling of contemplation to the plethora of modern frivolities
ransacking the brilliance of our world—
going and going as if there were really somewhere to be,
somewhere more real than now.

In reckless abandonment the present is left
to rot with the already decaying past.

There is a catastrophic flaw in our thinking.
We are all chasing elusive moments, vividly concocted in our minds,
and we scurry desperately to create them, to make real.

It’s as though the realness of our emotions forces us to thrust ourselves
into extremes in order to find peace.
Depression, violence, anger, passionate romance, dizzying achievement.
In them we find ourselves superficially drawn closer
to the expectations we plant and allow to grow in our minds.

But we are all running an impossible race.
There cannot be a perfect translation of thought into action,
just as these words are an imperfect expression of my meandering musings.

But I am more at one with the present as I depress each key and type the letters
that obediently align as I attempt to define my reality at this moment.

But how long is a moment?
Is it defined by something other than time?
Is it free from the shackles of that colorless oppressor?
Is it the soft yellow light of this room?
Is it the smooth, light oil feeling of these familiar keys?
Or is a moment this entire project, this work, this soothing pastime?

Can a moment fit in between a “yes” and a “no”? A “maybe” and a “sure”?

Are moments the incomplete concentrations of sensory receptions
that can be separated, organized and then mysteriously transformed into a life?

To read my own words is an oddly comfortable meeting
with an old, wise friend. How funny it seems, now,
to allow my eyes to dance over the prophetic words
that I spilled in a tizzy of dissatisfaction ages ago.

To forget the power of language is to submit to the disorder of life
with its unpredictability which mocks the nauseating predictability of it all—sometimes.

I may never know him.
Why does that make my heart swell in union with a tide of reluctant tears—
tears that can still be easily held back
by seawalls of rationalizations and distractions?

The breathing, beating, crying, lusting, snoring,
wheezing creature lying beside me is the Greatest Paradox.
The source of emotions that send all my ideas swirling
in a desperate attempt to charm, provoke, anger, evade.
In between slow rhythmic exhales and comforting readjustments,
I wonder if this moment, this place, was waiting for me.

I love lists and plans. The scribbled out, coffee-stained ones are the best.
But this wasn’t on a list. And I’ve never been one for going it unscripted.

Why are some memories with you so vivid. so simple—frustratingly so,
yet warm and sharp with the clarity of freshly dried window?
Could a life without you ever be this bright?

I wonder if another could fill that space on a sofa,
in that seat, on the left side of the bed… Of course,
but a place in my heart has been permanently taken.

I don’t think I signed any release papers or closed a contract.
Just like that, you moved into a spot I’d never had a chance to arrange,
or neurotically rearrange, sporadically polish,
or even steal a quick glance into.

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Misconceptions

This was the third time this week Landon Matthews had seen her staring at the same painting. He only came that one time to meet his favorite artist, now he just seemed gay coming here every night with a cluster of men. Landon turned toward the woman. His eyes gradually made their way from the bottom of her toned legs, to the top of her wavy, black hair. Landon dissected every detail of this woman, slowing to follow the flow of the curves in her tight dress. Landon could feel his heart begin to pump faster. He turned his attention to his friends.

His buddies were always willing to play wingman for him since they met freshman year at New York University. It surprised girls to know Landon’s shy, southern charm and clunky glasses could make friends with the likes of Neil Doogat, a well known athlete and ladies’ man. Landon was always the odd ball of the group, but knew that’s what the guys loved about him. Sure, they teased him every now and then, but that made him “one of the guys.” He gained some confidence and a new look because of it.

“Go over there and talk to her, Man. You know you want to,” said Doogat, as he lightly jabbed his friend’s arm.

The other two men chuckled. With his free hand, Landon held the spot where he had been prodded, and took a final sip from his champagne flute with the other.

“She’s so beautiful,” he said to them, but more to himself. “Why is she standing there alone?”

Doogat chimed in, “Maybe because twenty-five year old guys like you don’t have the balls to ask her out! Come on, Man. You ask us here every night just so you can talk to her. When are you gonna do it?”

“Hey, she doesn’t have a drink,” Landon added.

“Oh really?” They all laughed.

Landon stared trance-like at the feminine figure before him.

“You talk our ears off all the time about this girl and what you want to say to her, well now here’s your chance. Did I not teach you anything? Go for it.”

After a moment, Landon regained awareness. “What? The last time I took your advice it didn’t end so well.”

Landon was referring to their sophomore year at NYU, when he had asked for Doogat’s opinion on how to get a date with the pretty red head down the hall. Doogat had told him about the tested and true pick up lines his father used to teach him. Supposedly they were original and witty and girls loved that shit. Landon wasn’t quite sure if those lines Doogat told him would work, but he was willing to try. One afternoon, Landon had seen the red head in the hall and was not about to miss an opportunity.

She had been busy fussing with her key in the door when Landon went up to her.

“Hi,” he croaked.

The red head had looked at him blankly. “Yes?”

“I’m Landon.” Silence. “I’ve seen you around and just wanted to introduce myself.”

“Ok.”

She had finally unlocked her door and was about to open it when Landon added, “by the way, can I ask you something?” He had stood still wringing his hands.

“What?” the girl barked.

That was it, time to show her what he was made of. Landon had put on a smooth voice as he asked, “Are your parents retarded, ‘cause you are something special!” He had ended with a bright grin.

“Ugh, you jerk!” The door to the red head’s dorm had slammed in Landon’s face.

Since that encounter, he had made sure to keep far away and was always weary of taking Doogat’s “advice.”

“Sorry about that, Dude. That was pretty funny though.” The guys laughed.

Landon gave a crooked smile and straightened his posture. “Ha. Ha. Just watch a master at work.” He turned around to face the woman as he took a deep breath. When one of the servers came by holding a try of champagne filled glasses, Landon quickly placed his on top and took a full one. “Thanks.” Landon took one more deep breath and leisurely walked forward. He held the glass a little tighter with each step in fear of letting it slip from his moist palm. Okay…just give her the drink and start a simple conversation…no biggie. He stopped a few steps behind the woman, but he was close enough to get a whiff of strawberries from her hair. He cleared his throat before he said, “Uh, excuse me.”

The woman flinched faintly and quickly turned around. “Yes?”

Landon’s sparkling blue eyes widen upon looking at her as his heart began to beat faster. “Oh, sorry if I scared you; I just saw you standing here and…” Landon stiffly extended his arm toward the woman’s face. In a pitch higher than his usual voice, Landon asked, “Would you like a drink?”

The woman puckered her lips as she turned her glance from Landon to the alcoholic beverage in front of her. He withdrew his arm once he noticed the slightly disgusted look on her tanned face. “No, thank you,” she finally answered. “I don’t drink.”

Way to go, Dumb-ass! He ran a jittery hand through his short, sandy-blonde locks. “Well, that’s fine. I’ll just set it down right here.” He walked up to the painting, squatted and placed the glass under the art frame onto the blue-and-black tiled floor. Landon stole a glance back at his group of friends. He noticed Doogat give him the thumbs up before he turned his interest back to the woman.

The woman’s attention was nowhere near Landon. She was already fixated on the painting in front of her.

She smells really good. Mmm…strawberries.

The woman’s attention remained on the artwork. Her gaze was immersed in the depth of the chocolate brown lines and warm reds and oranges. He was immersed in tracing the outline of her forehead, down to her pointed-nose, high cheekbones, and luscious plum lips. Damn, she’s beautiful…Nice lips…Ugh! I’m staring too much, Landon caught himself. He straightened his posture, which had become less erect as he stood there. Why is she so quiet? Ha, maybe she’s shy, how cute…Wait, why am I so quiet? What the Hell is wrong with me? Say something.

Once Landon became aware of his spell-bound gaze and the need to speak, the woman did so first, “I take it you’re in love with this piece as well?”

“Uh, yeah, nice work,” Landon responded with a nod. He gave a half smile as he shifted his weight to one foot and back again.

“I figured, you know, since you’re still standing here…,” she said while her dark, brown eyes scanned Landon up and down. “What do you like about it?”

“I enjoy her use of dark lines on the side here,” he pointed.

The woman puckered her lips again. “The artist is a man.”
Damn. “That’s what I meant, sorry.” The black slacks of Landon’s suit stuck to the skin of his perspiring thighs. He cleared his throat loudly as his fingers grazed the side of his leg in an effort to scratch an annoying itch. Why did he have to go and wear a black suit in this New York heat? No one cared if it was Armani, the woman certainly didn’t notice. Landon eyed her blank stare. Does she ever smile?

“So, is that all you like?” the woman asked, her mouth tight.

Landon furrowed his eyebrows in thought. He swallowed hard before he spoke, “No, um, I just like the painting in general, I guess.” He cleared his throat as he shifted his body weight from one leg to the other. The woman quickly looked away back at the canvas. After a slight pause that felt more like thirty minutes of silence, Landon asked in earnest, “What is so intriguing to you about this painting?”

The woman turned to face him as a slight smile slowly appeared. Their eyes met and Landon gave her a broader, reassuring grin. He caught a glimpse of shimmer in her brown irises before the bright specks receded into the darkness of her pupils. Her smile quickly faded and she glanced down at the floor then back to the painting after staring for a considerably long time at a woman helping an elderly man stand up from his chair. She let out a breath of frustration. “Why do you like this painting?” she demanded, ignoring his previous question.

What did he go and get himself into? Landon looked back at his group of friends. They were still talking where he left them. His eyes caught those of Doogat, who waved back. Landon gave a quick nod and smiled as he scanned the room on his way back to looking at the canvas. “Why do I like this painting?”

“Yes.”

Do I? His eyes roamed the thick, black lines that made up a surreal version of a street. The various sized circles of red, orange, and burgundy seemed out of place, but what really confused Landon was the bright light emitting from the end of the “road.” He lightly bit his bottom lip. Why do I like this painting…? He could feel his eyes glazing over. Hopefully, she couldn’t tell or didn’t care enough to notice. The woman loudly cleared her throat and this made Landon come out of his trance. He stared at her with widened eyes. She squinted at Landon with pursed lips.

“Are you okay?”

“Uh…yeah, sorry,” he answered in a low voice. Landon looked over at her normally now and exhaled slowly. Dammit, this isn’t working. Landon was contemplating telling her a joke, one of Doogat’s famous lines perhaps. Before proceeding he eyed her up and down. Nah, too cosmopolitan for that…she wants a cultured and serious man. Landon let out a slight chuckle.

“So, what do you think?” her tone a bit more forceful. Now her stiff lips and squinting eyes resembled irritation.
Wow, and here I thought she was timid. He cocked a half smile in amusement to his thought. The woman changed her expression to puzzlement as her mouth parted and eyebrows slightly raised. She took a step back. In a more docile manner she asked, “Why are you looking at me like that?” Landon caught himself.

“Oh, sorry!” He stood up straight, regaining his confident posture as his half smile returned. “It’s just that…well, you surprise me.” After making the comment, he wished he could take it back. They stared at each other in brief, awkward, silence. Landon cleared his throat as he walked up to the image and bent down to look closer at the tiny, white placard that detailed the artist’s name, Carlos Manzono, title of the painting, Misconceptions, and a short description of the medium used, oil on canvas.. “You know, I remember reading some facts about this artist—” Landon stood up and leaned casually against the wall on one side of the painting as he continued, “—Carlos Manzono. He painted this piece nearly on his death bed, well like three months before he died of lung cancer.” Landon’s smirk was visible. He was pleased with himself.

The woman glanced at him blankly, and then returned her concentration on the canvas. “I know.”

His smile faded. “Oh…okay…well, did you know—”

“I know!” she caught him off sharply.
Landon was a bit taken aback by the impulse. His eyes shifted to the floor.

The woman’s face eased in tension as she breathed out deeply. “Sorry,” she cried. She took a step toward Landon and looked up at him ruefully. “I don’t mean to be rude, but I don’t need a bunch of facts.” She looked intently into Landon’s glinting, blue eyes while he stared back at her with a surprised look. “I know you don’t know me, so yes, this is extremely awkward, but it’s very important to me; I just need an answer.” She pointed at the artwork. “Seriously, what do you think of it? Why do you like it?”

Landon stopped leaning on the wall. He slowly stood in front of the painting again. He looked it up and down without a thought in his mind. His teeth clenched together as he slid his jaw back and forth. What’s wrong? Doogat would’ve had her on his arm by now…” In a monotone voice he finally answered, “I don’t know.”

“Why?”

“What do you mean ‘why’?”

“Well, shouldn’t you know what you think of something?” They glare at each other for a moment neither person budging to look away.

“Of course you should!” he declared angrily. His surprisingly loud reaction made Landon scan the gallery to make sure they didn’t have an audience. Ugh, what is wrong with this lady, why does she care so much? “I just don’t get it,” he added in a whisper. The two stand in silence as the woman waits for Landon to carry on. Ah, screw it. He continued, using hand gestures liberally in emphasizing his point, “There are different sized circles in different colors everywhere with only two defined lines. I mean, seriously, what is that? The bright light on the dark background…why all the contrast? It seems to me the artist was just confused, had no idea what he wanted in this painting, so just jumbled it all together for people like you and me to rack our brains analyzing something that doesn’t exist.” Landon took a moment to catch his breath. He lightly bit his bottom lip wondering why he actually told her what he thought. He braced himself for the backlash.

The woman stared back with her head slightly tilted to one side. The glimmer of light that ebbed and flowed earlier as she stared at the painting was now directed at him. “Thank you for being honest. I needed to hear that.” Her face lightened with each word. She ended with a slight smile.

Oh my gosh honesty actually worked. Damn, women are confusing. “Um…yea, of course.” This moment of silence felt peaceful. “Can I ask you something?”

“Why not, I practically forced you.” she joked. They both gave a nervous chuckle.

“Why do you care so much, about this work of art?”
The woman’s light-hearted expression quickly changed back to dim as she shifted eye contact toward the image.

Landon looked on concerned. “Never mind, you don’t need to answer.”

“No, it’s fine, it’s just…”

Landon peered closer at the woman. Shit, is she crying?

She looked up at Landon with moisten irises as she continued, “He was my father. He was my father and I don’t know what it means.” A light stream of tears trickled down her rosy cheeks. “I’m sorry,” she frantically wiped her eyes as she looked the other way.

Wow. Landon opened his mouth to speak, but nothing came out. After a moment he asked, “Do you want a tissue or something? I–”

The woman shook her head, “No, no, I’m fine. Sorry about that. Ha, I just still get so emotional when I look at this thing.” She paused, looked back at the art, and with a large breath out continued, “It’s stupid. I’ve stared at this almost every day for two weeks now, and I can’t…I can’t…I just can’t understand what the hell it means. Before his death all his artwork spoke to me, because that’s how he expressed himself.” She vigorously wiped her eyes with the palm of her hands. “His art always spoke to me, it meant something, but now he’s gone and I can’t hear him. These are his last words and I don’t know what he’s saying!”

Wow, I’m officially the biggest jerk on the planet. With his face full of concern, Landon stepped closer. He hesitantly placed a hand on the woman’s shoulder. “Don’t be so hard on yourself; I’m sure no matter what it means he loved you.” Landon fished in his pocket and took out a crumpled napkin. “Here, it’s clean.”

“Thank you.” The woman took the white cloth to dab her cheeks and the corner of her eyes. “Oh my goodness, I am so sorry. This is so embarrassing,” she cried. “I promise this isn’t some sick ploy to get your attention,” she added playfully, a light smile crossing her face.

Landon’s eyes widened. He laughed nervously. “Oh no, I didn’t think that at all.” There was a slight pause. “I mean, I wouldn’t mind…”

“Haha, you’re cute.” The two couldn’t stop staring and smiling at each other. The woman extended a hand. “I’m Alma by the way.”

“I’m Landon, nice to meet you.”

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The Other Side of Aid

Sachs Should Be Sacked

Last issue, I reported on Dr. Dambisa Moyo’s talk on her book Dead Aid in which she argues that the billions of government-to-government aid to Africa is not only an inefficient mess, but is also hurting African countries. She reasons that aid harms development directly by causing foreign dependence and inflation, and indirectly through corruption, mismanagement of resources, lack of foreign investments, inadequate healthcare and civil unrest. Moyo believes that greatly reducing and eventually eliminating aid will reduce the dependency of African governments on first-world countries and allow them to pursue investments and encourage entrepreneurs and microfinance on their own. The West’s low expectations for the potential of African economic success has kept these nations on a seemingly never-ending stream of aid.

Moyo received her MA from Harvard and her PhD at Oxford. She has worked on hedge funds and macroeconomics for eight years at Goldman Sachs. Hailing from Zambia, she has seen first-hand the effects of the band-aid of aid. Others such as New York University economist William Easterly also agree with Moyo, yet her argument is still up and coming. For years, more aid has been the only way to go. Surprisingly, the man who has backed billions of dollars in Western aid to Africa is none other than Moyo’s former mentor and lecturer: Jeffrey Sachs.

Who is Jeffrey Sachs? Raised in Detroit, Sachs received his BA, MA, and PhD all from Harvard, and was appointed the special advisor to Secretary-General Kofi Annan on the 8 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and from 2002 to 2006 he was the director of the UN Millennium Project. Sachs currently also serves as special advisor to the current UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon. He’s been named as one of Time Magazine’s “100 Most Influential People in the World” twice, once in 2004 and again in 2005.

Despite Sachs’ impressive education, he still believes that the only way to end extreme poverty, (defined by living below a $1 a day, as 70 percent of the billion people in Africa are) is through donations in the form of billions of dollars from Western governments. He wants to raise worldwide aid from $65 billion a year in 2002 to $195 billion in the 2015. In his New York Times bestseller The End of Poverty, he cites India and China as examples of aid success stories; in the span of two decades (70’s and 80’s), 300 million people in China alone were lifted out of extreme poverty. However he fails to realize that China received little economic aid packages from national governments when it was making the shift from a communist economic framework to capitalist. A major internal land reform was the primary force that lifted thousands of Chinese peasants from the communes into the middle class. Africa instead has received billions of dollars in external aid, yet since 1970 the continent has actually grown poorer. While the rest of the world, for the most part, has grown richer, the GDPs for African nations continue to lag behind.

In a 2009 article in the Huffington Post, Moyo responded to one of Sach’s Huffington Post articles continuing the ongoing dialogue regarding foreign aid. According to Moyo, when Sachs was her lecturer at Harvard he made the statement: “the path to long-term development would only be achieved through private sector involvement and free market solutions.” Nonetheless, Sachs still pushes foreign aid. William Easterly, in his book review of The End of Poverty in the Washington Post and his subsequent book White Man’s Burden, argued that nations stuck in a “poverty trap” can escape without the massive scaling up of government-to-government aid. He offered statistical evidence that many emerging markets in Asia, i.e. China, Singapore and South Korea, have gained momentum without the help of billions of dollars of aid. There is an inherent bigotry in Sach’s approach to ‘helpless Africans.’ Moyo feels that “Mr. Sachs’s development approach was made for countries such as Russia, Poland and Bolivia, whereas the aid- dependency approach, with no accompanying job creation, was reserved for Africa.” Instead of allowing elected officials to represent Africa nations, seven of which have said they don’t need a continuous flow of aid, Sachs and his celebrity friends Bono and Angelina Jolie dictate what Africa needs during UN and G8 conferences.

On the weekend of April 17th, the Dartmouth Great Issues Scholars and yours truly went to YaleUniversity for the 7th Annual Unite for Sight Conference on Global Health and Innovation. Conference sessions were held in a host of different fields, such as: the non-profit sector, philanthropy, medicine, public service, microfinance, human right advocacy, and health policy. There were a number of keynote speakers, including Sachs himself. The Great Issues Scholars had already had lunch with Moyo, heard her talk, and obtained signed copies of her book. That weekend we heard the argument from the other side—Jeff Sachs.

Sachs began his talk by pointing out that it has been a decade since “We the Peoples,” the creation of the Millennium Development Goals: eight commitments against global issues like poverty, treatable disease, discrimination against women, and illiteracy. In 2000, Secretary-General Annan and Sachs challenged the world to achieve these goals by 2015. With only five years left, is the world any closer to ending problems like poverty and hunger? Sachs felt that advances made in technology such as cell phones, the improvement of primary health delivery, new HIV/AIDS medicines, and new finance and business models were helping the whole world work toward achieving the MDGs. Sachs also believed that if the richest one billion in the world each gave $30 year, in one year $30 billion could be put towards the MDGs. Ten cents on each $100 could go to funding health services for the third world.

Sachs remains dedicated to aid because he feels that since African governments have so little to budget, spending on one sector means not having enough to allocate to another sector like, say, healthcare. Because of this, supposedly an African government lacks the ability to improve their entire nation. He sees no window for microfinance and he wishes to quadruple world aid and pad the World Fund. According to Sachs, the UN should also open another global fund and pump troubled economies, such as that of the US, for more money that will be ineffectively used and will contribute to the conditions that necessitate aid in the first place. Sachs says donor countries don’t give enough, and although he makes a good point that the US spends too much on military funding, he wants to press world leaders into passively dumping aid on Africa instead of actively seeking investments in Africa.

For the final question in the Q&A period after the talk, I asked Sachs about his thoughts on Moyo’s position and those of other intellectuals who say aid isn’t working. Sachs became quite spirited, to say the least, and lashed out at Moyo, referring to her as “that Goldman Sachs employee.” One Great Issue Scholar remarked afterward “I thought he was going to jump off the stage and throttle you.” Sachs defense of aid was constituted almost entirely by what Moyo calls the “emotional argument for aid”; his position was mainly ‘Children are dying!’ Indeed, Sachs did mention how he has been to Africa and has seen children suffering and dying but he offered no economic or logical argument for why aid would work just as well as or better than microfinance or investments in the private sector. He offered no rebuttal to the poor track record of aid and offered no end date for aid. He did not even address Moyo’s most powerful argument: that bucket loads of aid may actually be contributing to the continued destitution of the African continent. In a nutshell, Sachs said there are horrible problems in Africa, so don’t criticize aid; just send more money.

The Unite for Sight Conference was, for the most part, a pro-aid community, and Sachs answer was met by applause. Yet it was obvious that introducing the opposing argument was troubling not only Sachs but to the audience. After Sachs left the podium, his wife Sonia Ehrlich-Sachs, MD came up to talk on the Millennium Villages’ progress on the MDGs in Africa. Dr. Sachs wasn’t as charismatic as her husband and her presentation relied more on its power point instead of effective speaking. Those who questioned her wanted to know if the facts and figures she had up on the screen translated into actual lasting improvement on the ground or in the nation’s government. One questioner wanted to know if this was enough evidence to justify that aid was working, especially for “the other side of the debate.”

Now this isn’t meant to villainize Jeff Sachs. Sachs’s privileged position does not prevent him from taking a deep-seated interest in those in need. However, I think his benevolent character prevents him from seeing that there are other, better ways to help Africa. Moyo doesn’t want the West to ignore the needs of Africa, but she feels that continuing to catch all the fish for Africa will keep it in continuous poverty and is not a sustainable economic course for the West, and the US in particular. As Daniel Quinn describes in his book Ishmael, feeding a group of starving people will only allow them to thrive enough to raise the next generation, and unless these children are taught to feed themselves, they will have no choice but to demand even more.

We cannot hold the Continent’s hand forever and then blindly hope that African governments will suddenly become less corrupt and the common people will magically become entrepreneurs and hedge fund managers. And there are signs that others in the aid community think so too. Although Unite for Sight was pro-aid, it appeared from this conference that the not-for-profit sector is in a transitional stage. More and more people want to empower Africa through investments, loans and business models.

The first keynote speaker of the conference, Jacqueline Novogratz, founder and CEO of the Acumen Fund, gave a presentation entitled “Patient Capital for an Impatient World.” The Acumen Fund supports entrepreneurs in Kenya and other parts of eastern Africa who start projects to alleviate poverty. One entrepreneur started a housing project in the slums of Nairobi, offering small, clean houses with indoor plumbing to people living in tin shanties. Most importantly, these houses are not handouts—they aren’t free, but are offered at reduced loans that once paid off are used to build more houses. Novogratz notes that the fact that houses are not free is key because it gives people a sense of dignity rather than shame at being the recipient of hand-outs.

Innovation in aiding Africa doesn’t stop there. Scott Hilstrom, Co-founder and CEO of the HealthStore Foundation helps create local franchises to dispense much needed medicines as an alternative to the many companies selling counterfeit medicine. HealthStore’s franchises not only have local Africans as business owners and mangers, but also provide the needed oversight to prevent the dispensing of fake pills. Ted London, PhD from the Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan, believes in empowering the people and hidden assets at “The Base of Pyramid” (BoP) through nurturing innovators and encouraging social enterprise balanced with traditional enterprise. The new business model for developing economies involves a development community, a private sector and most importantly, interdependence.

Andrew Wok is the CEO of Root Cause, which according to its website is a research and consulting firm dedicated to “mobilizing the non-profit, public and business sectors work together in a new social impact market.” Wok argues that after trillions of dollars have been poured into poor communities, there has not been a corresponding amount of social progress in return. He wants to create a social impact market that nurtures relationships between non-profits, embraces citizens on the ground as public innovators, and engages Western governments as well as local government. Billy Shore of Share Our Strength, a national organization committed to fighting hunger in the US, spoke on achieving global health through small community wealth. The culture of the non-profits must be recast to capture untapped wealth and aspiring entrepreneurs. How the aid community works right now is “good, but not good enough” he says. Shari Barenbach, President and CEO of the Calvert Foundation, also believes in investment at the “base of the pyramid” instead of handouts. Her foundation works to maximize the flow of capital to developing nations through mainstream investments. Allen Hammond, co-founder and chairman of Healthpoint Services sees the need for hybrid profit/non-profit models. In poverty stricken communities, the poor either pay exorbitant amounts for simple things like sanitary napkins from crooked merchants or they receive free medicine, food and other goods and services from the NGOs. However, due to shame, pride or social stigma, they will avoid the NGOs and will continue to pay exorbitant amounts or go without. It is not immoral to charge a small fee for medicine or clean water if a poor community will buy those goods.

Kevin Starr MD, affiliated with the Mulago Foundation for tactical philanthropy, pushed for an overhaul of the entire way the non-for profit sector does business. Instead of focusing on sad anecdotes to attract donors, NGOs need to start thinking like a capitalist business. He offers the microfinance non-profit Kiva as a good example of a successful NGO that is run well and helps poor communities through loans. Moyo is an avid supporter of Kiva.

The bureaucracies of NGOs right now are for the most part flabby and ineffective. They must start thinking about results in impact rather than profits, and the scalability of their projects and efforts. You can’t have an NGO delivering aid but only 25% of its aid recipients actually climbing out of poverty. A successful intervention in a poor community must be replicable, scalable, and engaging to the local and later national government. Most importantly, the efforts of an NGO must have a staying power so that when the NGO eventually leaves, the community will not revert back to poverty. Aid is like war; there has to be a way to get out once the intervention is over. As the eloquent Dr. Starr put it, “What happens when the donor dollar is gone?”

The face of the aid community is changing, and fortunately Sachs was the only person I heard at the Unite for Sight Conference advocating for billions more in aid. Sachs has done great work drawing attention to global hunger and poverty with the Millennium Villages and the Millennium Development Goals, but he’s stuck in the old way of helping the poor, through free handouts. Although handouts in the billions may alleviate a problem temporarily, they offer no lasting change and do not strike at the root of sustained extreme poverty: lack of investments, capital or participation in global bond markets. Moyo, Starr, Wok, Hammond, Easterly and others are the faces of a new era for aid that will hopefully bring about the end of the current aid situation. “I think Moyo and Sachs desire the same things,” commented Amy Newcomb, director of the Great Issues Scholars program, “but they’re going about it differently.” While Sachs’s vision sees no end in sight for poverty in Africa, Moyo offers a way to systematically revamp Africa’s economy. Sachs would do well to end his long rivalry with Moyo and join in efforts to move Africa beyond aid.

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Sorority Sisters and C&R Comrades

A Love/Hate Relationship

A Love/Hate Relationship

May-Lieng Karageorge

May-Lieng Karageorge

My freshman year, a friend told me that one of his goals at Dartmouth was to explore as many cultural spaces as possible. While that sounds like a pretty clichèd endeavor, it’s still something many of us fail to do—getting out of our comfort zones and choosing to deal with people who aren’t like us, ones who challenge our views, expand our horizons, or just plain get on our damn nerves with their inanity. The following are two experiences that have shaped my time at Dartmouth: one gives me a warm, fuzzy feeling inside, and the other involves a love/hate relationship that gives me fuzzy feelings, too, but also makes me want to stab myself in the eye.

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The Pursuit of Happiness

Smiles and Empathy

Smiles and Empathy

Molly Bode

Molly Bode

Sitting on my roof looking down Maple Street, I begin to think about my fellow ’09s quickly approaching graduation, our future, and how I can’t imagine leaving my home here at 9 Prospect Street. A breeze picks up, sending the sunlit leaves of the maple tree that just reaches out onto the roof into a glittery dance and I look over to my friend who is thumbing through the pages of The Atlantic. She is wearing crimson red shorts after our getaway stroll up Balch Hill; my mind wanders to an article in that issue called “What Makes Us Happy.” A curious question. The article covers, for the first time, a 70-year longitudinal study performed at Harvard examining what leads to happiness. As the wind drifts, I start to think about the key to happiness here at Dartmouth.

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A Higher Quality Restroom Experience

Gender Neutral Bathrooms

Gender Neutral Bathrooms

Kris Gebhard

Kris Gebhard

When asked to sift through my four years at this school and suggest one change for Dartmouth, I typically answer, “Make bathrooms gender neutral.” While I would love to see fraternities go gender neutral, there is a weight of (ahem) tradition. Though it’s easily within the power of many campus fraternities to go gender neutral, taking into account national affiliation as well as alumni contributions to Dartmouth’s endowment, it’s unlikely that enough houses would go gender neutral to significantly change gender dynamics on campus.

However, I doubt any alums get as misty-eyed about their freshman bowel movements. Bathrooms are less politically contested than fraternities, and gender neutralizing them is within the power of students and the administration. Given the benefits we’ll reap from neutralized space, the suggestion seems logical—but I’ve heard from many students that gender-neutral bathrooms give them the heebie-jeebies.

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Prison Project

Case Hathaway-Zepeda

Case Hathaway-Zepeda

When I started running the Tucker Foundation’s Prison Project at the beginning of my sophomore year, I was going to the women’s prison in Windsor, VT alone. By the end of that fall, I had successfully recruited one freshman to join me on my weekly visits. We started to get to know the women, discovering their intense love for their children and families, and hearing stories of their drug addictions, and the sexual and physical abuse many of them endured as children or young adults. We also discovered their passion for laughter, writing poetry, crocheting, and supporting one another.

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A Game to Play

Sharing Stories

Sharing Stories

Scott Limbard

Scott Limbard

June 14th will be an interesting day. After two months of hanging out on the Green, appreciating life, and sleeping on porches, we ’09s will receive a valuable piece of paper and then be replaced by a (wonderful) new class. Though I haven’t experienced it yet, I imagine the transition will be a rather sudden, dramatic affair, over before most people will realize it has started.

And then we’re gone, off to do a great many different things. At that point, we’ll all probably have a romanticized memory of this spring, coupled with the idea that the end came too quickly. I’m guessing that we’ll all feel a kind of regret that we couldn’t extend our last term indefinitely. In any event, hopefully this summer there’ll be better things to do than sitting around thinking about Dartmouth. (It’ll just feel like an off-term anyways.)

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Celebrating Oar-iginality

Experiences on the Crew Team

Experiences on the Crew Team

Sharon Dauson

Sharon Dauson

There are 38,000 undergraduate students at Penn State. The school fields 27 varsity teams. (I choose Penn State as the example only because I am from Pittsburgh and most of my high school friends are Nittany Lions.) Dartmouth, by contrast, has a student body of roughly 4,000, and supports 31 varsity teams. In 2007, Penn State set a record by selling out the entire student section of the football stadium (22,000 tickets) within 59 minutes of tickets becoming available. The Nittany Lions average over 100,000 fans per home game. I don’t have statistics on Dartmouth football attendance, but I am fairly certain student tickets are free and that there are more people on Collis porch than at Memorial Stadium on any given Saturday. My point is not to argue that Dartmouth students are awful fans or to complain about the football team. Rather, I think this illustrates that the purpose of athletics at Dartmouth, and in the Ivy League in general, is drastically different than that of other Division I schools across the nation.

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To Lift Each Other Up

Sam Kohn

Sam Kohn

“So we went to school to copy, to imitate; not to exchange language and ideas, and not to develop the best traits that had come out of uncountable experiences of hundreds and thousands of years living upon this continent. Our annals, all happenings of human import, were stored in our song and dance rituals, our history differing in that it was not stored in books, but in the living memory. So, while the white people had much to teach us, we had much to teach them, and what a school could have been established upon that idea!” -Luther Standing Bear, What a School Could Have Been Established (1933)

I’ve spent a great deal of time thinking about what would be the best way to open a piece such as this, and the only truly acceptable way to do so would be to share that Dartmouth has taught me to approach writing with caution. The process itself is the purest expression, an epitome if you will, of the Western concept of “legitimate” thinking. That is, written materials are granted an importance that is not extended to the spoken word. In our day and age, everything must be written down to be remembered. But the emphasis on the printed word abstracts the spoken relationship that exists between people.

With that in mind, I have only a short reflection of my time at Dartmouth. Read the full story

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